Understanding Tufting Machine Types

October 03, 2026

Choosing the right machine is the single most important gear decision you'll make. Here's how they break down.

By Pile Style

Cut-Pile Machines (e.g., AK-I)

Cut-pile machines automatically cut the yarn after each tuft, leaving upright fiber ends on the surface. The result is a dense, soft, carpet-like texture — the most common look for tufted rugs. The AK-I is extremely easy to use and a great starting point if you know you want cut pile.

Loop-Pile Machines (e.g., AK-II)

Loop-pile machines punch yarn through the cloth in a continuous cycle, leaving loops on the surface. This creates a nubby, textured look. You'll need to cut the yarn by hand each time you lift the machine. The AK-II also offers very easy operation. We no longer sell the AK-II. If you want loop pile, the DUO and AK5 do both cut and loop.

Cut + Loop Machines (e.g., DUO, AK5, KRD-I)

These versatile machines can produce both cut pile and loop pile, and often offer multiple pile heights. The DUO is our top recommendation for beginners and intermediates because of its flexibility.

By Pile Height

Low-Pile Machines

Produce pile heights of roughly 0.275" to 0.70" (7–18mm). This is the most common range for rug tufting — practical, durable, and great for detailed designs. Includes the AK-I, AK-II, DUO (low-pile setting), KRD-I, and AK5.

High-Pile Machines

Produce pile heights from 0.78" to 2.36" (20–60mm), creating a lush, sculptural texture. The AK-III is TTW's high-pile machine. It requires both electricity and an air compressor, and has a medium-to-difficult learning curve compared to low-pile machines.

Quick Reference

All machines weigh approximately 3 lbs (except the AK-III at 4 lbs 10 oz) and are compatible with 110v–220v worldwide. Only the AK-III requires an air compressor.

Can I Convert a Loop-Pile Machine to Cut Pile?

No — a loop-pile machine like the AK-II can only make loops. Converting it to cut pile isn't a simple add-on: most of the main parts would need to be changed, which basically means rebuilding the machine. If you want to tuft both cut and loop pile, it's much easier to get a DUO or AK5, which do both.

Using Your Machine in Another Country (Voltage)

Planning to tuft abroad? Our KRD-I Cut and Loop machine can handle 100–240V electricity, so it works in both 110V regions (like North America) and 220V regions (like Europe).

Machines are shipped with a power cord and plug that match the destination country. The plug may not fit outlets elsewhere, so you'll just need an inexpensive plug adapter for the local outlet.

Note: Always keep using your machine's original power adapter. The AK-5 in particular uses a unique adapter that can't be swapped with other models. If you're not sure about your model's power specs, contact support before plugging in abroad.

Switching Between Cut and Loop on Cut + Loop Machines (AK5, DUO)

On cut + loop machines like the AK5 and DUO, switching from cut pile to loop pile works the same way: you move the scissors forward, toward the front of the machine, so they no longer cut the yarn. The DUO video collection includes a step-by-step video on changing from cut to loop, and the steps apply to the AK5 too.

Before you adjust anything: take measurements and plenty of photos and videos of your machine's current setup so you can return it to its original position if needed. Switching from cut to loop carries very little risk of damaging the machine.

Also in Knowledge Base